First we need the object and image distances away from the eyeglass lenses. Lenses are found in a huge array of optical instruments, ranging from a simple. The bausch and lomb optical company has reported completion of a special project of nearly two years duration for the astrophysics laboratory of the vaticans observatory. Concave mirrors curve inward, creating a focal point in front of the mirror.
Optics benjamin crowell book 5 in the light and matter series of introductory physics textbooks. We will talk about how these things work using the following. Plane mirrors science and mathematics education research group supported by ubc teaching and learning enhancement fund 20122014 department of curriculum and pedagogy a place of mind f a c u l t y o f e d u c a t i o n. Spherical mirrors problems the physics hypertextbook. The sign conventions are similar to those for mirrors, but there are. Physics 106 lab lenses and mirrors physics dept home. Each topic is explained thoroughly in concise, lucid language starting at level 78 of the national curriculum. Youngs doubleslit diffraction experiment for light and some laser tricks, too doc physics duration. Rapid development of optoelectronic devices and laser techniques poses an important task of creating and studying, from one side, the structures capable of effectively converting, modulating, and recording optical data in a wide range of radiation energy densities and frequencies, from another side, the new schemes and approaches capable to activate and simulate the modern. As of 2010, mirrors and lenses are so prevalent that most people use them every day, regardless of whether or not they consciously perceive the. However, when you move closer to the mirror, the image enlarges moving closer to the mirror rightside up, virtual image.
Lenses lenses refract light in such a way that an image of the light source is formed. Mirrors reflect light and create images in a way similar to a lens, depending on where an object is located in relation to a mirror. Luttermoser east tennessee state university edition 4. Types of lenses and mirrors consider reection from a concave spherical mirror, as shown in figure 2.
Keep in mind that for an object to be considered a lens it must be made of a transparent material that has an index of refraction higher than air. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. The same sort of rules apply, just with a few modifications. A positive, convex glass lens works in much the same way to produce a real image. Physical optics lecture notes pdf 44p this note covers the following topics.
Physics to find out more about mirrors and lenses, visit the glencoe science. Mirrors, which have curved surfaces designed to reflect rays, also form images. Lenses are used in glasses and contacts to help correct vision. The goal of the experiment is to be able to analyze ray diagrams so as to determine fundamental properties of image formation. There are standard and innovative uses for mirrors. Jun, 2008 we use your linkedin profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads. Should that not be a minus sign on the left hand side. The format of those title has been updated for improved presentation.
Mir ror s and lenses click er questions question p1. Light rays follow a complex route as they encounter mirrors or pass through a. They are used in telescopes to help view items that are far away and are used in. One of the easiest shapes to analyze is the spherical mirror. Moreover, it also forms a major part of the physics syllabus of intermediate exams conducted by various boards in india.
This property has put mirrors and lenses in use for centuries. Apply the thinlens equation and the mirror equation to determine the focal length of a converging biconvex lens and mirror. Lenses remembering the basics of mirrors puts you half ways towards fully understanding lenses as well. Todays reading is long because lenses and mirrors are very similar, so we will. Biconvex glass lens, spherical concave mirror, meter ruler, optical bench, lens. A system of lenses andor mirrors forms an image by gathering rays from an object and then causes them to converge or diverge. Real image is formed when the light reconvenes and always inverted i. A convex lens is thicker in the middle than on its outside edge.
Geometric optics converging lenses and mirrors physics lab iv objective in this set of lab exercises, the basic properties geometric optics concerning converging lenses and mirrors will be explored. A lens is a transparent device with two curved surfaces, usually made of glass or plastic, that uses refraction to form an image of an object. Find the distance from the object to the lens, and the distance of the image to the lens, by subtracting out the distance from the lens to the eye. For each object position, answer the following questions about the. As of 2010, mirrors and lenses are so prevalent that most people use them every day, regardless of whether or not they consciously perceive the use. Choose from 500 different sets of and lenses physics mirrors flashcards on quizlet. Mirrors and lenses physics science homework resources. Most mirrors used commercially are made of glass, with the rear surface silvered and then coated with a layer of paint or lacquer for protection. Free optics books download ebooks online textbooks tutorials.
Physical optics lecture notes pdf 44p download book. With a converging lens, paraxial rays that are parallel to the principal axis converge to the focal point, f. See the lecture notes of your textbook for a more complete description. Basics of optics, laws of reflection and refraction, reflection from spherical mirrors, velocity of image, refraction at plane surfaces, prism theory, defects of images, refraction from curved surfaces.
Depending on which version of the book you have, it. This option allows users to search by publication, volume and page selecting this option will search the current publication in context. In the two situations shown, the mirrors have the same focal lengths, and the object distance from the mirror to the arrow is the same. Optics is an exciting area of study, but as with most areas of physics it requires a variety of mathematical tools to be fully appreciated. Lenses and mirrors activity physics printable 6th12th. Physics 41 lab 5 determination of focal length of a converging lens and mirror. Determination of focal length of a converging lens and mirror.
In class you have studied the physics of thin lenses and spherical mirrors. But when we look at mirrors with our physics eyes, they become both mysterious and surprising. General physics ii course lecture notes section xii. A ray passing through the center of any lens continues in a straight line. Selecting this option will search all publications across the scitation platform selecting this option will search all publications for the publishersociety in context. Mirrors worked example ray tracing 3 of 5 geometric optics doc physics. In todays lab, we will analyze several physical configurations using both biconvex lenses and concave mirrors. For mirrors and lenses we can use simple rules to trace the paths of certain rays. Download pdf geometrical optics jee physics for you. A lens refracts light and creates an image that is either virtual or real.
Two types of image formed by mirrors are real image and virtual image. In contrast, a negative, concave lens can only produce virtual images. Apply the thinlens equation and the mirror equation to determine the focal length of a converging lens and mirror. Physics 41 lab 5 determination of focal length of a converging lens and mirror objective. Telescopes, microscopes, cameras, projectors, your eyes, all have one thing in common. General physics ii course lecture notes section xii dr. Understanding of these two simple devices sets the stage for the module optical instruments, which utilizes various combination of lenses and mirrors to produce the instruments desired effects. Biconvex glass lens, spherical concave mirror, meter ruler, optical bench, lens holder, selfilluminated object generally a vertical arrow, screen. Or should it be a plus sign for mirrors and minus for lenses. R is the radius of curvature and is the distance c from the mirror. Mirrors and lenses both have the ability to reflect or refract light.
So lets see how it goes, suppose that ive got an object out here in air and then ive got a piece of glass thats curved outward like this in a convex way. Choose your answers to the questions and click next to see the next set of questions. This is a zipped folder containing a pdf and an editable version of each of the following. We use them every day and were never really surprised by what we see unless we happen to wake up to a particularly impressive case of bed head. You can skip questions if you would like and come back. Exploring images with thin lenses and mirrors 2 of 20 the lens equation. In describing mirrors and lenses, the word object is used in a new way.
Ray tracing mirrors gizmo answer key free pdf ebook download. Here, the newspaper is the object and the focal point is where the image needs to be located. The thin lens equations are broadly applicable to all situations involving thin lenses and thin mirrors, as we will see later. Worked examples and questions give students practice in calculations from first principles and an immediate test of their understanding of a topic. With a converging lens, paraxial rays that are parallel to the principal. In both cases, the object distance is less than the focal distance. If the object and image are the same distance from the mirror and magnification is 1, then as the object approaches the mirror at a certain speed, the image is approaching the plane mirror at the same speed, therefore you approach the image more quickly than you approach. The image distance for a plane mirror is always equal to the object distance because the magnification is 1. Find materials for this course in the pages linked along the left. The task involved production of four identical six. This diagram shows the setup of mirrors that allow for the magnification of images. Homework resources in mirrors and lenses physics science. Unscramble the shaded letters to find the name of the man who placed a mirror on the moon so that scientists can measure its distance from the earth. Images in concave mirrors appear upside down, real and reduced.
Using a ruler or other straight edge and the ray tracing methods described in this section, locate and draw the image of the pencil. Two different types of mirror are concave and convex mirror with different properties. A lens is a curved piece of glass or plastic designed to refract light in a specific way. Physics mirrors are where light can be reflected and reconvened to form images. In the two situations shown, the mirrors have the same focal lengths, and the object distance from the mirror to the. Definitions and fundamental points are now highlighted. In this science printable, students will also define hyperopia and myopia and identify the type of lens used to correct each condition. Learn and lenses physics mirrors with free interactive flashcards. Light parallel to the principal axis a converges toward f after reflection from a concave mirror, and b diverges from f after reflection from a convex mirror. After using reference materials to answer questions about lenses and mirrors, students will label each shape as convex or concave.
According to georgia state university, virtual images are formed at the location where the paths of the primary light rays intersect when projected backward from their direction beyond a lens. This mirror is a portion of a sphere of radius r whose center is at c. Question an object is located on the optical axis and a distance of 8 cm from a thin conver ging lens having focal length 10 cm. We use your linkedin profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads. Keep in mind that for an object to be considered a lens it must be made of a transparent material. Mirrors and lenses flashcards at proprofs physics eqns and concepts. The refraction at the first surface is balanced by the refraction at the second surface. Prereouisites before you begin this module, you should be able to. Lenses and mirrors a lens is a transparent device with two curved surfaces, usually made of glass or plastic, that uses refraction to form an image of an object.